Impact of higher levels of bio components in transport fuels in the context of the Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998, relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12

The overall objective of this study is to undertake an economic and environmental analysis of the impact of increasing the limits of the bio-content of petrol and diesel imposed by the FQD, and beyond 2020. In particular, for specific biofuel blends identified in the study, the assessment considers both their positive and negative impacts associated with: Air quality and the resultant impact on human health; Market capacity, availability and origin of bio-content; Automotive technology, in particular engine efficiency, tail pipe emissions, biofuel compatibility and fuel use in existing and future vehicle fleets and possible evolution of automotive technology; Effect of an increase of the bio content in fuel on its overall carbon footprint (Life Cycle Assessment); Effect on the refinery sector and distribution of fuels; Competiveness of specific sectors or Member State fuel industry; and any impact on the current market shares of the fuel mix (diesel vs. petrol) and possible induced changes in Europe. The findings of this work will input to the Commission when considering implications of increasing the bio-content level in transport fuels.